Tripura Round
Three villages were surveyed in the Tripura Round in May-June 2016:
- Mainama, Dhalai district
- Khakchang, North district
- Muhuripur, South district
The results from the surveys of the three villages have been published as Socio-Economic Surveys of Three Villages in Tripura: A Study of Agrarian Relations by Tulika Books, New Delhi in 2019.
Mainama, Dhalai district
Mainama village is in Manu block, Chailengta tehsil, Dhalai district. The sample survey was conducted in two adjacent village panchayats, Mainama and North Mainama. Mainama is 3 km from Manu,the block headquarters and nearest town. The village is connected to Manu by an all-weather road. The villages are part of the Tripura Tribal Autonomous District Council (TTADC) area.
There are about 1451 households resident in 11 hamlets (para) in the two villages. The population of the two villages together is about 6288. There are about 1451 households resident in 11 hamlets (para) in the two villages.
Drinking water supply has partial coverage across the two panchayat. The main languages spoken in the village are Kak-Barak, Chakma, and Bengali.
Mainama has a mix of lowland and sloping or tila land. The Manu river forms one of the boundaries of the village. The lowlands mostly have paddy cultivation. Extensive vegetable cultivation is done on the river bank. Rubber is cultivated on sloping land. Homestead cultivation is a prominent feature of this village.
Khakchang, North district
Khakchang village is in Dasda block, Anand Bazaar tehsil, North district. The village is 13 km from Dasda block and 26 km from Kanchanpur, the sub-divisional headquarters and nearest town. The village is connected to Kanchanpur by an all-weather road.
There are 589 households resident in the village, which has a population of 2756 (the data are from an Autonomous District Council (ADC) household survey conducted in 2012-13. The village has 7 hamlets (para) that are spread over 5919.75 acres. The hamlets are as far as 8 km from the village market and ADC office. The most isolated household in the village is 10 km from the village market. Most of these hamlets are connected to the village market and main road by brick-and-mud roads that become traversible only by foot in the monsoon. Only one of the hamlets has a fully pucca all-weather road. Of 7 hamlets, 5 have provisions for electricity and piped drinking water. In the electrified hamlets, almost 80 per cent of households have been given electricity connections and the others, who stay far from the furthest electricity supply point, have been provided highly subsidised solar panels by the ADC. Piped water supply is available through public stand-posts. All households have lavatories, though the lavatories in current use are katcha pit toilets.
A post office, commercial bank, ration shop, and two chemists are located at a distance of 100 metres from the village ADC office. Khakchang is characterised by different types of agricultural production and tenurial systems, ranging from slash-and-burn shifting cultivation, through more settled forms of jhoom cultivation (where vegetation is burnt every three years) to more settled forms of plantation agriculture, homestead cultivation and lowland rice cultivation. Rice, vegetables, tubers, and tree crops are grown on jhoom fields and homesteads, and mixed cropping often involved the cultivation of 30 or more varieties of plants. The village is located near the Jampuii Hills, the border between Tripura and Mizoram, and an area of great scenic beauty.
Muhuripur, South district
Muhuripur village is in Muhuripur tehsil, Julaibari block, South district. The village is 18 km from the district headquarters at Belonia , with which the village is connected by an all-weather road.
There are 1054 households resident in the village, which has a population of 4016 (the data are from an Ordinary Resident Register household survey conducted in 2015-16). The village has 12 hamlets (para) that are spread over 536 hectares. Muhuripur is a lowland village, characterised mainly by the cultivation of rice and a wide variety vegetables and tubers, including winter potato. Mulberry cultivation and sericulture are part of the contemporary village economy. There is also a sector of rubber cultivation on hillocks or sloping land (tila).